A magnet is an object which creates a magnetic field around it. The characteristics of the magnet determine the weak to the strong fields of the same around it. Magnets can be categorized into two parts which are as follows:
• Permanent magnets: They are magnetized and would remain magnetized for the lifetime.
• Electro magnets: These are constituted by wire coils and they are befitted with a magnetic field in case electricity runs through it. They lose the magnetic field when the electricity stops.
• Non electro magnets
Measurement of the strength
The strength of the magnet can be measured as its local strength or the magnetic moment. The magnetic moment is calculated on the basis of the substance’s inherent qualities or the magnetism which has been caused as a result of the electric current. In case the substance has an inherent magnetism, the magnitude of each existing elementary particle can be measured effectively. The net moment or the strength can thus be arrived at. In case of passage of an electric current, tracking of the electrons needs to be done to calculate the magnetism of the object.
Magnetometers
The strength of the magnet is usually labeled on all the commercial magnets which are found. The reading is mentioned in terms of the gauss rating. The two types of magnetometers are as follows:
• One of them calculates the net magnetism and is popularly known as scalar device.
• The other tracks the vectors of the magnetic field. Moreover it calculates the strength of the magnetic field in the direction where it is headed towards. It is also known as a vector device.
Each magnometer works in a different way. One should note that that the gauss rating might not show the true reflection of the surface magnetism. The calculation of the magnet strength essentially shows the core strength of the magnet This core strength might be much greater than the surface strength.
